Examining sensitivity to tip-sample interaction forces in biharmonic and bimodal AFM under acoustic noise in air and liquids
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s12206-026-2201-x
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Acoustic noise, AFM in liquid, Biharmonic excitation, Observable sensitivity, Van der waals force
- Akdeniz Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Multi-frequency excitation schemes are applied to resonate the micro-cantilever for enhanced sensitivity to tip-sample interaction forces in atomic force microscopy (AFM). This paper presents theoretical research performed to explore responses of the micro-cantilever under van der Waals forces in air and methanol / ethylacetate mixtures in the presence of dynamic acoustic forces. For particular operating conditions, the responses of the proposed dynamic model demonstrate good agreement with the AFM measurements given in the literature. More interestingly, the application of biharmonic excitations yields notable enhancements in the sensitivities of amplitude, phase shift, and frequency shift at the particular separation distances below around 11 nm in air, when compared with the bimodal operations. Furthermore, the phase shift φ1 of around 160° and the amplitude A1 of 4 nm in the presence of the acoustic emission with the SPL of 50 dB and the frequency of 4000 Hz are noted for biharmonic operations. Therefore, the effect of acoustic noise on the micro-cantilever dynamics is critical for precise quantification of tip-sample interaction forces during MF-AFM operations, especially in air.