Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH, cilt.31, ss.1-25, 2026 (SSCI, Scopus)
This study investigates long-term relationships among tourism, energy use,and environmental pressure in the Turkic States (TDT) from 2001 to 2024using second-generation panel methods. Unit root and cointegration testsreveal a stable long-run association among CO₂ emissions, energyconsumption, economic activity, and tourism indicators. The studyintroduces a theoretical framework showing that tourism’s effect on carbonintensity depends on destinations’ energy infrastructure and serviceefficiency, conceptualized through decoupling–divergence dynamics. AMGestimates indicate that energy consumption is the primary driver ofemissions (β = 0.2036), while international tourist arrivals slightly reducecarbon intensity (β = −0.0160). Country-level heterogeneity appears inTürkiye, where arrivals increase emissions (β = 0.0573). CCEMG findingsreinforce these results, and Dumitrescu–Hurlin tests show no short-termcausality from tourism to environmental degradation. Overall, emissionreduction in the TDT region relies mainly on energy transition, with tourism’senvironmental effects shaped by national structures.