Phytochemical profiling and multivariate analysis of ancient Platanus orientalis L. extracts
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, cilt.130, 2027 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 130
- Basım Tarihi: 2027
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.bse.2026.105358
- Dergi Adı: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, Environment Index, Geobase, Zoological Record, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Biochemical systematics, Chemometric analysis, Metabolite differentiation, Phytochemical profiling, Platanus orientalis
- Akdeniz Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Platanus orientalis L. is a traditionally used medicinal tree rich in phenolics and fatty acids, yet systematic studies on its extracts from centuries-old trees remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the phenolic and fatty acid composition and evaluate the functional biological properties supporting phytochemical differentiation of extracts obtained from the leaves, bark, and fruits of ∼400-year-old P. orientalis trees. Maceration (ethanol) and Soxhlet extraction (water, ethanol and hexane) methods were applied. Phenolic compounds were quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS and fatty acids by GC-MS. The antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, as well as total flavonoid content (TFC). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains (S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) using disk diffusion. Catechin and epicatechin were the dominant phenolics, with ethanol fruit extracts containing up to 126.1 μg g−1 epicatechin. Stearic acid was the most abundant fatty acid (478.71 μg g−1 in hexane leaf extract). Leaf and bark extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant activity (IC50 for DPPH: 109.25 μg mL−1 for ethanol leaf maceration) compared to fruit extracts. Antibacterial activity was more pronounced against Gram-positive bacteria, especially S. aureus. Extracts of P. orientalis, particularly from leaves and bark, exhibited distinct phytochemical profiles associated with plant part and extraction method. Multivariate analysis (PCA and HCA) revealed structured metabolite clustering, indicating coordinated chemical differentiation. These findings suggest the potential relevance of specific metabolite groups for future comparative chemotaxonomic investigations. Rather than emphasizing pharmacological applications, the present study focuses on metabolite distribution patterns and their relevance to biochemical systematics.