From the 11th century onward, Turks began migrating from Turkestan and Iran to Anatolia, and in the second half of the same century, they started to establish this region as their homeland. As a political-administrative outcome of this migration movement, Turkish principalities such as the Danishmendids, Saltuqids, Mengujekids, and Artuqids, as well as the Anatolian Seljuk State, were founded in Byzantine-controlled Anatolia. During this period, Turks followed three different approaches in shaping the cities they inherited from the Byzantines. The first approach was to preserve and utilize the existing urban structures. The second was to build new cities either near or directly on the ruins of cities that had been used during the Byzantine era but had suffered destruction. The third approach involved establishing entirely new cities. Through these processes, the spatial reorganization of cities was achieved. The aim of this study is to observe how the spatial elements of Turkish urbanization and urban culture, which emerged in Turkestan, were blended with local elements in Iran along the migration routes and how they were reflected in the cities inherited from Byzantium or newly established in Anatolia. Within the scope of this study, the components that shaped cities during the periods of the first Turkish principalities and the Anatolian Seljuk State—such as security systems, neighborhood structures, public squares, palace structures, and transportation networks—have been examined.