Balancing strength and sterility: An in vitro assessment of the mechanical and antibacterial properties of bone cement loaded with various antibiotics
Joint Diseases and Related Surgery, cilt.37, sa.1, ss.238-247, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 37 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.52312/jdrs.2026.2507
- Dergi Adı: Joint Diseases and Related Surgery
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.238-247
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bone cements with antibiotics, infected bone, mechanical strength
- Akdeniz Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objectives: This study aims to determine the antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical strength of antibiotic-loaded cement samples in which daptomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam agents were mixed at different doses and to investigate the differences between agents and between doses. Materials and methods: We prepared standardized bone cement samples incorporating vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem at concentrations ranging from 0.625 to 15%. Samples underwent six-week phosphate-buffered saline immersion simulating physiological conditions. Mechanical testing employed four-point bending analysis following ISO 5833 standards. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed using liquid microdilution against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa over 21 days. Results: All antibiotics demonstrated strong negative correlation between concentration and mechanical strength (r=–0.883 to –0.914, p<0.001). Critical threshold emerged at 5% antibiotic concentration, above which mechanical integrity was significantly compromised. Daptomycin and meropenem maintained superior mechanical properties at effective antimicrobial concentrations. At 2-g doses, daptomycin achieved significantly higher strength than piperacillin-tazobactam and teicoplanin (p=0.021). All antibiotics except low-dose piperacillin-tazobactam maintained complete antimicrobial efficacy throughout 21-day testing. Electron microscopy revealed increased porosity, which correlated with reduced mechanical strength, particularly in piperacillin-tazobactam and teicoplanin groups. Conclusion: Antibiotic selection significantly impacts both mechanical and antimicrobial properties of bone cement. Daptomycin and meropenem offer optimal balance of antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical integrity. These findings provide evidence-based guidelines for antibiotic selection in resistant infection management while maintaining structural requirements.