Sexual dimorphism in rats exposed to maternal high fat diet: alterations in medullary sympathetic network


GEMICI A., SİNEN O., BÜLBÜL M.

METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE, cilt.36, sa.6, ss.1305-1314, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 36 Sayı: 6
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11011-021-00736-1
  • Dergi Adı: METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, EMBASE, MEDLINE
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1305-1314
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Perinatal high fat diet, Heart rate variability, Gender, Sympathetic tone
  • Akdeniz Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Exposure to high fat diet during perinatal period (PHFD) leads to neuroplastic changes in autonomic circuits, however, the role of gender has been incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate (i) short, and (ii) long-term effects of PHFD on autonomic outflow, and (iii) sexual dimorphic variations emerge at adulthood. Male and female rats were fed a control diet (13.5 % kcal from fat) or PHFD (60 % kcal from fat) from embryonic day-14 to postnatal day-21. To assess changes in autonomic outflow, heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed at 10- and 20-week-old ages. Expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), metabotropic glutamate(2/3) receptor (mGlu(2/3)R), N-methyl-D-aspartate(1) receptor (NMDA(1)R), and gamma aminobutyric acid(A) receptor (GABA(A)R) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. PHFD did not affect the body weight of 4-, 10-or 20-week-old male or female offsprings. PHFD significantly increased the sympathetic marker low frequency (LF) component, and sympatho-vagal balance (LF:HF) only in 10-week-old PHFD males. Compared with control, the propranolol-induced (4 mg center dot kg(- 1), ip) decline in LF was observed more prominently in PHFD rats, however, these changes were found to be restored at the age of 20 weeks. In caudal ventrolateral medulla and nucleus tractus solitarius, expression of mGlu(2/3)R was downregulated in PHFD males, whereas no change was detected in NMDA(1)R. The number of GABA(A)R-expressing TH-immunoreactive cells was decreased in rostral ventrolateral medulla of PHFD males. The findings of this study suggest that exposure to maternal high-fat diet could lead to autonomic imbalance with increased sympathetic tone in the early adulthood of male offspring rats without developing obesity.