Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Milli Folklor, cilt.2022, sa.133, ss.255-263, 2022 (AHCI)
© 2022, Milli Folklor Dergisi. All rights reserved.The future has always been curious throughout the history of humanity and accordingly ways and methods have been derived to learn what the future will bring for individuals and states. One of these derived methods is fortune telling. Melheme which is translated in the study is also a kind of fortune telling. Melheme as a term; reporting future wars and similar events or this means works in which news is written. Melheme: From the movements of the sky beings, the position of the Moon, the full moon, the old and new Moon, the movements and positions of the stars; It is to comment on what awaits the individual or society in the future by bringing comments from many natural disasters such as wind, rainbow, rain, storm, lightning and earthquake. There are many examples of melhemes in Arabic, Persian and Turkish literatures, in this example which was taken from a manuscript in East Turkistan; There are beliefs about the day when the first month of the year (new year) coincides, the beliefs about the years according to the calendar with twelve animals, beliefs about the months when the sun and moon eclipse coincide and beliefs about the day when earthquakes occur. For example, if the first day of the month of Muharram coincides with Sunday, that year it will rain a lot, diseases that cannot be overcome by the public will increase, death will increase and food will become expensive at the end of the year;If it coincides with Monday, there will be a lot of bad luck and disease; If it coincides with Friday, it indicates that the year will be soft. Some of the features of the years according to the Turkish calendar with twelve animals are as follows: In the year of the rat, beauty and certainty are at the beginning of the year. There is turmoil in the middle of the year, there is anxiety. The rat gets a lot. Thieves release fear. The child born at the beginning of the year becomes understanding and insightful. The child born at the end of the year becomes cynical and liar. In the year of the dog; the weather gets hot, it rains less. The fruit becomes a lot. Those born at the beginning of this year are liars, start fights. Those born in the middle of the year become abusive and vindictive. Snow and rain fall less. There is famine and drought. Disease and death multiply among tyrants and villains. Wars increase among sultans, a lot of blood is shed. In the horse year, blood is shed in Turkistan province. Winter is very harsh. Disaster strikes fruits. Those born at the beginning of this year suffer great pain. In the beliefs that occur according to the time of eclipse of the sun and the moon, if the sun is kept in the month of Ashura (Muharram); It is stated that there will be abundance, there will be a lot of food and drink, and snow and rain will fall a lot. If the moon is kept in the mont of Ashura (Muharram), it is also stated that in case of increasing evil among the people, the moon will be kept and a lesson should be taken from it. In the beliefs about the earthquake, the time of the earthquake comes to the fore. It is reported that if an earthquake occurs in Muharram, the elders will die and it is reported that it will not be good for traders and those in war. Some of the beliefs according to the day of the earthquake are expressed in Melheme as follows: If an earthquake occurs on Friday, the sultans and the children get sick. If an earthquake occurs on Sunday, food and drink are abundant, but diseases seem to increase.