Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, cilt.26, sa.1, ss.65-81, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Agricultural activities generate a significant amount of by-products, which significantly contribute to various environmental issues. These environmental issues include the formation of pests and diseases in the stored areas, water pollution caused by pesticides, and air pollution from incineration. To promote sustainable agriculture, biochar is produced from these agricultural wastes to improve soil fertility parameters and enhance crops productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate physicochemical properties of biochar obtained from various agricultural wastes and assess their significance for agricultural and environmental applications. The expert consisted of a total of 45 pyrolysis experiments with three different temperatures (300, 400 and 500 °C), three different heating rates (5, 10 and 20 °C/min.) and five types of biomasses (wheat straw, tomato, carnation, banana and vineyard pruning). The analyses were performed on the biomass samples: moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and extractive contents. For biochar samples, biochar yield, biochar image analysis, elemental C, H, N, S and cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH properties were analyzed. As the pyrolysis temperature and heating rate increased, a more distinct biochar was formed. The increase in pyrolysis temperature and heating rate decreased biochar H and N content. The increase in heating rate was effective in increasing biochar CEC value. This study proposes that agricultural wastes with a lignocellulosic structure can be evaluated by pyrolysis. Furthermore, the properties of biochar pyrolyzed at 500 °C and a heating rate of 20 °C/min have the potential to improve soil fertility.