The effect of apelin-13 on gastric ischemia/reperfusion injury: the roles of sensory nerves and vagus nerve


Birsen I., Izgut-Uysal V. N., Soylu H., Üstünel İ.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY, vol.98, no.5, pp.282-295, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 98 Issue: 5
  • Publication Date: 2020
  • Doi Number: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0502
  • Journal Name: CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
  • Page Numbers: pp.282-295
  • Keywords: apelin, vagus, sensory nerves, ischemia/reperfusion, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, BRAIN-GUT AXIS, WATER-IMMERSION, NITRIC-OXIDE, CHOLECYSTOKININ, ISCHEMIA, GASTROPROTECTION, EXPRESSION, INFLAMMATION, PROTECTION, SECRETION
  • Akdeniz University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Apelin is a peptide that plays a role in physiological processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons and vagus in the effect of apelin against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The experimental groups were (1) control, (2) I/R, (3) apelin + I/R, (4) vagotomy + I/R, (5) vagotomy + apelin + I/R, (6) capsaicin + I/R, (7) capsaicin + apelin + I/R, (8) lorglumide + I/R, and (9) lorglumide + apelin + I/R. To test the potential gastroprotective effect of apelin-13, apelin-13 (2 mg/kg i.v.) was administered just before both ischemia and reperfusion. A vagotomy was performed 1 week before I/R in the vagotomized groups; capsaicin (125 mg/kg s.c.) was administrated 2 weeks before I/R in the capsaicin-treated groups and lorglumide (5 mg/kg i.p.) was administered 30 min before I/R in the lorglumide-treated groups. After I/R, a variety parameters in gastric tissue were analyzed. cfos expression was determined in brainstem samples. In the I/R group, the lesion index, myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased, and mucosal blood flow, prostaglandin-E2, and calcitonin gene related peptide decreased. Apelin prevented the damaging effects of I/R and increased cfos expression in brainstem areas. Vagotomy, capsaicin, and lorglumide largely eliminated the gastroprotective effects of apelin-13. This study showed that sensory nerves and the vagus play regulatory roles in apelin-induced gastroprotection. Cholecystokinin may play a role in the effect of apelin through sensory neurons.