Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
International Congress on Domestic Animal Breeding Genetics and Husbandry (ICABGEH-2019), Praha, Çek Cumhuriyeti, 11 - 13 Eylül 2019, ss.34
CRISPR (Clustered Regularly
Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) system has its origin on an adaptive immune system
from prokaryotes which against exogenic elements in short fragments of viral
DNA. This system naturally existing in the Streptococcus
pyogenes type II CRISPR locus which consists of Cas9 nuclease and a sgRNA (single-guided
RNA).
Genome editing tools in livestock animals can provide
important advantages compared to classical breeding. Given the high efficiency
and low cost of genome editing tools, CRISPR/Cas9 system provides more advances
in conferring resistance livestock animals to different diseases and improving
some economic products such as meat, milk, eggs, wool, mohair and leather.
CRISPR/ Cas9 system has been successfully adapted to almost all livestock animals
such as chickens, pigs, cattle, sheep and goats. The most common example of
this system used in animals is the genetic knock-out (KO) of the myostatin gene
(MSTN) as MSTN is an important
gene involved in the regulation of embryonic muscle cells and adult muscle
development. With the aid of CRISPR/Cas9 system, the MSTN-KO phenotype was successfully induced in cattle, pigs, sheep
and goats.
Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9, genome editing, livestock
animals