Novel Formulas for B-Splines, Bernstein Basis Functions, and Special Numbers: Approach to Derivative and Functional Equations of Generating Functions


Şimşek Y.

Mathematics, vol.12, no.1, pp.1-20, 2024 (SCI-Expanded)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 12 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2024
  • Doi Number: 10.3390/math12010065
  • Journal Name: Mathematics
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
  • Page Numbers: pp.1-20
  • Akdeniz University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to give relations among the uniform B-splines, the Bernstein basis functions, and certain families of special numbers and polynomials with the aid of the generating functions method. We derive a relation between generating functions for the uniform B-splines and generating functions for the Bernstein basis functions. We derive some functional equations for these generating functions. Using the higher-order partial derivative equations of these generating functions, we derive both the generalized de Boor recursion relation and the higher-order derivative formula of uniform B-splines in terms of Bernstein basis functions. Using the functional equations of these generating functions, we derive the relations among the Bernstein basis functions, the uniform B-splines, the Apostol-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, the Aposto–Euler numbers and polynomials, the Eulerian numbers and polynomials, and the Stirling numbers. Applying the p-adic integrals to these polynomials, we derive many novel formulas. Furthermore, by applying the Laplace transformation to these generating functions, we derive infinite series representations for the uniform B-splines and the Bernstein basis functions.