10th World Congress of In Vitro Fertilization and Assisted Reproduction, Vancouver, Kanada, 24 - 28 Mayıs 1997, ss.591-594
Totally immotile spermatozoa in the ejaculate is a good indication for intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). However, low vitality of spermatozoa results in low fertilization and pregnancy rates. The high number of totally immotile sperm in the ejaculate is mostly thought to be degenerative due to the long duration of epididymal transport. Whereas totally immotile testicular spermatozoa are probably immotile and can still gain motility during maturation.