Symposium for Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Macedonia, 10 - 12 December 2014, vol.1, no.1, pp.1-2
A survey study was carried out to determine the level of root and crown rot fungal diseases and to identify of fungal pathogens in the barley fields of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons. For the first and second years, 57 fields and 39 fields were examined between milky and dough stages (Zadoks 61-79) respectively. At the end of the study, the disease symptoms were observed in 27 fields (47,4%) in 2012 and 15 fields (38,5%) in 2013. Average infected plant ratio was determined in diseased fields as 38 % in 2012 and 27 % in 2013. Root and crown rot disease severities in the barley cropping areas of Northern Cyprus were determined as 17% in 2012 and 11% in 2013. Average diseases severity was 14% in inspected fields for two years. Pathogens causing the diseases were determined as Fusarium sp., Bipolaris sp., Sclerotium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Colletotrichum sp., Cephalosporium sp., Pythium sp. and Alternaria sp. The most common pathogens were found as Fusarium species. In vegetation period between November to May recorded average climate datas were as follows; (2012-2013); precipitation 439 (483,1-394,9 mm), average temperature 14,8 (13,9-15,8 ° C) and humidity 66,8 (66-67,5%). As a result, The root and crown rot diseases in these areas can cause essential yield and quality problems. Rotation doesn't apply in these areas due to drought and salinity. Drought and salinity tolerant alternative crops should be determined and should be grown for rotation.